Fuels and Combustion: A Comprehensive Guide by Samir Sarkar (PDF Download)
Fuels and Combustion by Samir Sarkar PDF Free Download
If you are looking for a comprehensive and authoritative book on fuels and combustion, you might want to check out Fuels and Combustion by Samir Sarkar. This book covers all aspects of fuel science and engineering, from the basic principles to the latest developments and applications. In this article, we will give you a brief overview of the book and its author, explain what fuel and combustion are and why they are important, summarize the main topics covered in the book, and show you how to download the PDF version of the book for free.
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What is Fuel?
Fuel is any material that can be burned or oxidized to release energy. The energy can be used for various purposes, such as heating, lighting, cooking, transportation, power generation, etc. Fuels can be classified into different types based on their physical state (solid, liquid, or gaseous), origin (fossil or renewable), composition (carbonaceous or non-carbonaceous), etc. Some examples of common fuels are coal, petroleum, natural gas, wood, ethanol, hydrogen, etc.
What is Combustion?
Combustion is a chemical reaction that occurs when a fuel reacts with an oxidizer (usually oxygen) to produce heat and light. Depending on the conditions of the reaction (temperature, pressure, air-fuel ratio, etc.), combustion can be complete or incomplete. Complete combustion occurs when all the fuel is converted into carbon dioxide and water (for carbonaceous fuels), while incomplete combustion occurs when some of the fuel remains unburned or forms other products (such as carbon monoxide, soot, etc.). Some examples of common combustion processes are fire, candle flame, internal combustion engine, gas turbine, etc.
Why is Fuel and Combustion Important?
Fuel and combustion are important because they provide us with energy that we need for various aspects of our lives. Without fuel and combustion, we would not have electricity, heat, light, transportation, communication, industry, etc. Fuel and combustion also enable us to use renewable energy sources (such as solar, wind, hydrogen) that can reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate climate change.
What are the Challenges of Fuel and Combustion?
Despite their benefits, fuel and combustion also pose some challenges that we need to address. One of the main challenges is the environmental impact of fuel and combustion. Burning fuels produces greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, etc.) that contribute to global warming and climate change. Burning fuels also produces pollutants (such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, etc.) that affect air quality and human health. Another challenge is the economic and social impact of fuel and combustion. Fossil fuels are finite and non-renewable resources that are subject to price fluctuations and geopolitical conflicts. Fossil fuels also create inequalities and injustices among different regions and groups of people who have different access and control over them.
How to Learn More about Fuel and Combustion?
If you want to learn more about fuel and combustion, one of the best ways is to read Fuels and Combustion by Samir Sarkar. This book is a comprehensive and authoritative text that covers all the essential topics of fuel science and engineering. The book is divided into three parts: Part I deals with fuel properties and analysis, Part II deals with different types of fuels, and Part III deals with combustion theory and calculations, combustion systems and equipment, and combustion control and testing. Here is a summary of the main topics covered in each part:
Fuel Properties and Analysis
This part covers the basic concepts and methods of fuel characterization and evaluation. It includes topics such as:
Calorific value: the amount of heat released by a unit mass or volume of fuel when burned completely.
Proximate analysis: the determination of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash content in a solid fuel.
Ultimate analysis: the determination of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and other elements in a fuel.
Fuel classification: the grouping of fuels based on their physical state, origin, composition, etc.
Fuel standards: the specifications of quality and performance parameters for different fuels.
Solid Fuels
This part covers the properties, production, processing, utilization, and environmental aspects of solid fuels. It includes topics such as:
Coal: a fossil fuel formed from the remains of plants that lived millions of years ago. Coal is classified into different ranks based on its degree of metamorphism (peat, lignite, bituminous, anthracite).
Biomass: a renewable fuel derived from organic matter that can be grown or collected from plants or animals. Biomass includes wood, crop residues, animal wastes, municipal solid waste, etc.
Charcoal: a solid fuel obtained by heating wood or other biomass in the absence of air. Charcoal has a higher calorific value and lower moisture content than wood.
Coke: a solid fuel obtained by heating coal in the absence of air. Coke has a higher calorific value and lower volatile matter content than coal.
Liquid Fuels
This part covers the properties, production, processing, utilization, and environmental aspects of liquid fuels. It includes topics such as:
Petroleum: a fossil fuel formed from the remains of marine organisms that lived millions of years ago. Petroleum is composed of a mixture of hydrocarbons (compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen) that can be separated into different fractions (gasoline, kerosene, diesel, etc.) by distillation.
Ethanol: a renewable fuel derived from the fermentation of sugars or starches from plants (such as corn, sugarcane, etc.). Ethanol can be blended with gasoline to produce gasohol.
Biodiesel: a renewable fuel derived from the transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats with an alcohol (such as methanol, ethanol, etc.). Biodiesel can be blended with diesel to produce biodiesel-diesel blend.
Gaseous Fuels
This part covers the properties, production, processing, utilization, and environmental aspects of gaseous fuels. It includes topics such as:
Natural gas: a fossil fuel composed mainly of methane (CH4) that is found in underground reservoirs or associated with oil fields. Natural gas can be liquefied (LNG) or compressed (CNG) for transportation or storage.
Biogas: a renewable fuel composed mainly of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) that is produced by the anaerobic digestion of organic matter (such as animal manure, sewage sludge, landfill waste, etc.). Biogas can be purified to remove CO2 and other impurities to produce biomethane.
FAQs
Q: Who is Samir Sarkar? A: Samir Sarkar is a professor emeritus of chemical engineering at Jadavpur University in Kolkata, India. He has over 40 years of teaching and research experience in fuel science and engineering. He has authored several books and papers on fuel and combustion.
Q: What is the difference between fuel and energy? A: Fuel is any material that can be burned or oxidized to release energy. Energy is the capacity to do work or produce heat. Fuel is a form of energy storage that can be converted into other forms of energy (such as mechanical, electrical, thermal, etc.) by combustion or other processes.
Q: What are some examples of renewable fuels? A: Renewable fuels are fuels that can be replenished or regenerated from natural resources (such as sunlight, wind, water, biomass, etc.). Some examples of renewable fuels are ethanol, biodiesel, biogas, hydrogen, etc.
Q: What are some examples of non-renewable fuels? A: Non-renewable fuels are fuels that cannot be replenished or regenerated from natural resources (such as fossil fuels). They are finite and depletable resources that will eventually run out. Some examples of non-renewable fuels are coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc.
Q: What are some advantages and disadvantages of fuel and combustion? A: Some advantages of fuel and combustion are:
They provide us with energy that we need for various purposes (such as heating, lighting, cooking, transportation, power generation, etc.).
They enable us to use renewable energy sources (such as solar, wind, hydrogen) that can reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate climate change.
They stimulate economic growth and development by creating jobs and industries related to fuel production and consumption.
Some disadvantages of fuel and combustion are:
They produce greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, etc.) that contribute to global warming and climate change.
They produce pollutants (such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, etc.) that affect air quality and human health.
They create inequalities and injustices among different regions and groups of people who have different access and control over them.
They pose safety and security risks due to accidents or attacks involving fuel transportation or storage.
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